The learners will be able to understand the different modes of hiv transmission. Injection drug use idu was identified as a direct route of hiv. Aids acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a disease in which the bodys immune system breaks down and is unable to fight off. The targeted destruction weakens the bodys immune system and makes the infected person susceptible to infections and diseases that. Pdf introduction to public health surveillance facilitator slide set zip file. Early signs and symptoms of aids once hiv human immunodeficiency virus enters human body, the immune system comes under attack. Basic facts on hiv aids human immunodeficiency virus hiv is the virus that can lead to aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The introduction of antiretroviral treatment in 1996 revolutionized the treatment of hiv aids, adding decades of life to people living with the disease. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted. The role of std prevention and treatment in hiv prevention. Acknowledgments the annotated bibliography on hivaids and youth in subsaharan africa was written by vanessa woog, research associate at agi. People living with hiv have to understand, however, that despite feeling well on the outside, significant damage can be occurring on the inside. Hiv human immunodeficiency virus and aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome is an std that has, to date, claimed over 40 million lives. However, each day more and more people are becoming infected.
Because of controversies and taboos surrounding safe drug usage and prostitution, the numbers of people infected continues to rise. The achievement of the role played by the hiv aids unit in the overall coordination of all institutional responses is highly dependant on the dedicated commitment of all persons, most especially those placed in senior positions. Introduction to hiv and aids overview of the pandemic from the national library of medicine abridged by page 4 of 40 aids cases is no longer sufficient for projecting trends of the pandemic. Before the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in the 1990s, an individual infected with hiv could progress to aids very. Therefore, in order to adequately respond to hiv aids, such inequalities must be included. Annotated bibliography on hivaids in subsaharan africa. The youths of today are exposed to the risk of being victims of hiv aids trend which is gaining momentum as years progresses. The medical facts are clear enough about the effects of hiv infection on the individual. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with hiv, most commonly during unprotected sex sex without a condom or hiv medicine to prevent or treat hiv, or through sharing injection drug equipment. The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. Health behavior change models for hiv prevention and aids. Division of hivaids prevention strategic plan 2017 2020.
Counselling for hiv aids 8 introduction global situation of hiv aids. Practical recommendations for a multilevel approach. According to the unaids, at the end of the year 2015 there were approximately 36. Hiv is the human immunodeficiency virus that causes aids. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication. Aids is a disease which has the following elements. Despite rapid scientific advances there is still no cure and the drugs are expensive and toxic.
Previous studies have reported that young people between ages 1524 form a significant segment of those who hiv aids. In addition to physiological risks, women worldwide face a number of unique vulnerabilities to hiv aids transmission, which are the result of gender inequality. Like many affairs and issues, the vulnerability of hiv aids patient is blatant and flagrant to us. In the time between initial infection and aids, the infected person may feel relatively normal, despite the constant attack by hiv. Hiv surveillance training manuals global health sciences. Hiv aids pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of aids was clearly established. Aids has already killed millions of people, millions more continue to become infected with hiv, and theres no cure so aids will be around for a while yet. Regional office for the eastern mediterranean, joint united nations programme on hiv aids p. Aids the acronym for acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Org 4 introduction what this pack contains this pack contains information about aids, hiv and safer sex education for use with young learners, lesson plans for different types of lesson. Hiv is a retrovirus that attacks and destroys certain white blood cells.
Health behavior change models for hiv prevention and aids care. Access to treatment has expanded dramatically over the past decade as a consequence of an unprecedented. Aids is a condition that can arise from an advanced stage of infection with hiv. For all these reasons, hiv aids serves as a report card on current global health status. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection surveillance. Hiv is spread through contact with the blood, semen, preseminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, or breast milk of a person with hiv. Since then the number of people infected with hiv has increased rapidly throughout the world. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication, and management strategies. When opportunistic infections or cancers begin to develop as a result of a weakened immune system, an individual is considered to have developed acquired immune deficiency syndrome aids, the most advanced stage of hiv.
It is vital that the global health community makes a bold effort against hiv aids, guided by a commitment to equity in prevention and care. The incidence rate reported is 2% of the total population, 6% of births, 3. Hiv is the virus contracted through the one of the three modes of transmission, while aids is the diagnosis of hiv s weakening of the immune system. It destroys the immune system, resulting in defenselessness that is fatal.
A very short introduction very short introductions. Hiv aids lecture notes 3 introduction people have been warned about hiv and aids for over twenty years now. Surveillance of hiv risk behaviours world health organization. Unaids and who estimate that the number of people living with hiv aids at the end of the year 2000 stands at 36. A number of international agencies and organizations have developed indicators designed to aid in this process, many of which have been incorporated into the aids indicator survey. However, some of us still dont know exactly what hiv and aids actually are hiv is a virus. Evaluation of the management of the hiv and aids workplace policy at statistics south africa is my own work, and that all the sources that i have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. Hiv late presentation and advanced hiv disease among. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus hiv, the virus that causes aids, had been isolated.
It covers parts of the ks3 and ks4 programmes of study for citizenship and could be used in pshe lessons. The specific audience is the ministry of health and national hiv aids program staff. Introduction to the ais hivaids indicators during the last decade there has been an increased effort to track the progress in the area of hiv aids. Hiv human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. Attempts to slow the hiv epidemic worldwide have led to a clearer understanding that the battle is not simply about using condoms or adherence to medication. The introduction of antiretroviral treatment in 1996. A member of a group of viruses called retroviruses, hiv infects human cells and uses the energy and nutrients provided by those cells to grow and reproduce. In this session, we shall discuss the impact caused by hiv and aids. Introduction cdc has been at the forefront of hiv prevention efforts since the virus first emerged as a health threat, and cdc maintains its leadership role in working towards a future free of hiv in the united. Overview of the hiv aids epidemic with an introduction to public health surveillance unit 1, focus. This video helps the learner to understand in detail the concept of aids, explains the structure of the hiv virus and also describes the various stages of development of the virus. At the conclusion of the course, participants will be able to.
Testing and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases stds can be an effective tool in preventing the spread of hiv, the virus that causes aids. Like many stds, aids symptoms in men are quite similar to the symptoms of aids in all genders aids is the most advanced stage of hiv human immunodeficiency virus. Hiv aids has become the most widely talked about condition in history. Patients with newly diagnosed hiv registered in the hiv surveillance system of. A very short introduction studies what is without doubt the worst epidemic to hit humankind since the black death. The present session aims to provide learners with basic facts about hiv, modes of hiv transmission, ways to prevent hiv infection and clarify related myths and misconceptions. Early signs and symptoms of aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome oral manifestation of hiv 2. Aids is the last stage in a progression of diseases resulting from a viral infection known as the human immunodeficiency virus hiv or aids virus. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hiv late presentation and advanced hiv disease and to identify the factors associated with hiv late presentation and advanced hiv disease among patients with newly diagnosed hiv aids in the guangxi zhuang autonomous region, in southwestern china. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is the late stage of an infection that is generally acknowledged to be caused by the human immunodeficiency virus. In one rural town, of the 40 adults taking antiretroviral drugs, only three were women. Hiv and aids continues to be one of the biggest challenges faced by south africa today.
People with hiv may have symptoms in the very beginning of their infection, like swollen glands, fever, headaches, or. Introduction hiv aids was first identified in the early 1980s. Asia 4 prevalence of hiv aids in the region table 1. In the united states, hiv is spread mainly by having anal or vaginal sex or sharing injection drug equipment.
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